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The Need For Diversification In The Stock Market
By ArticleTrader
Why is it that some people only buy one or two stocks? Others may have 15 stocks but have 50 percent of their investment assets in just one of those 15 stocks. In Wall Street we refer to this type of behavior as concentration. Some firms call it over-concentration. When this happens in a brokerage firm it is always considered dangerous. It is so dangerous, in fact, that if the brokerage firm is using a concentrated stock position as capital, then the market value of the security in question is given a haircut. This means that the full market value of the security is chopped by some fixed percentage in any capital computation. In other words, if you are over-concentrated, you don't get full value.
Some of you may have margin accounts. As you know, StocksAtBottom.com advocates cash ownership of stocks. If you own stocks on margin, it is our opinion that you will get sold out on margin. Normally in a margin account you put up 50 percent of the value of the stock you acquire in cash. If equity falls below 35 percent, you get a margin call. Now, brokerage firms love it when clients have 15 or 20 different stocks in a margin account. If there are some bonds in that account, guess what, they love it even more. Why? Because brokerage firms know that stocks represent risky investments.
Something can always go wrong in any one situation. Maybe something can go wrong in any two situations. It's tough to see something go wrong in 15 situations. That is the essence of diversification. SPREAD THE RISK AROUND. It makes a lot of sense. Some investors own 50 to 100 stocks. This is because they think they need that many to achieve the investment goals that they set out for themselves.
In business school at a master's degree level they teach you that to achieve true diversification you need to own something approaching 14 equity positions. It has been the experience of StocksAtBottom.com that 6 to 10 different equity positions is sufficient to achieve diversification. The one thing we know for sure is that it's not one stock or two stocks. Own one or two and you get killed.
Putting all your eggs in one basket
We advise all investors to own several stocks and to own more than one sector. Own more than one type of investment (that means equities, bonds, real estate, cash, you get the picture) or you will have problems. Sectors refer to stocks with broad themes. Examples are:
* Energy
* Semi-conductors
* Housing
* Auto
* Consumer
* Airlines
* Personal Computers
* Technology in general
If you own 10 stocks, but they fall into only 2 sectors then you really have not achieved diversity in your portfolio. You see, when they come to get Ford Motor, usually General Motors is not that far behind. By the way, it's great on the upside to own everything in one sector when that sector is going your way. There's probably not a greater high in the world than when everything you own is going up. On the flip side, when you are overly concentrated in a sector that's heading down, lower and lower every day, there is no worse emotional low. The depression can be almost unbelievable.
There's also the issue of owning more than one type of investment. There are equity investments, which are stocks. There are real estate investments, and bond investments. There are also venture capital investments, precious metals, and others such as oil and gas. To a large extent, you achieve diversity in your investment
Gold Prices Dropped while Silver was Unchanged ? USD Up vs JPY but Down vs EUR <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.bestsyndication.com/?q=20120206_futures_forex_signals_gold_euro_dollar_yen.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Gold Prices Dropped while Silver was Unchanged ? USD Up vs JPY but Down vs EUR <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Best Syndication</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">23 minutes ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">(Best Syndication News) Brent crude oil advanced today as tensions between Iran and the United States continued to fester (see forex and commodities charts below).</div>
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British Pound Sterling: Currency continues advance against EUR, safe haven <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/british-pound-eur-safe-haven-06021355.html" style="font-size:1.2em">British Pound Sterling: Currency continues advance against EUR, safe haven <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">21 hours ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The Pound continued its advance against the Euro this morning, but the UK currency declined for a second day versus the US Dollar, as market speculation escalates over the prospect of further quantitative easing from the Bank of England this week.</div>
<a href="http://www.economy-news.co.uk/british-pound-sterling/1097-british-pound-up-as-eco-data-provides-a-boost-43534543">British Pound Sterling | Currency News Views and Outlook</a> - <span style="color:#888888">Economy News</span><br>
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Forex Trading and Currency Exchange Rates ? USD/JPY rises as EUR/USD drops
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<a href="http://www.bestsyndication.com/?q=20120205_forex_signals_usd_jpy_eur.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Forex Trading and Currency Exchange Rates ? USD/JPY rises as EUR/USD drops</a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Best Syndication</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 6, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">(Best Syndication News) The dollar is trending higher early Monday as stock markets in Europe open lower (see forex tables below).</div>
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Currency Futures: Forex Speculators cut US Dollar bets. Aussie, Kiwi & Peso <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://countingpips.com/fx/2012/02/05/currency-futures-forex-speculators-cut-us-dollar-bets-aussie-kiwi-peso-positions-continue-rise/" style="font-size:1.2em">Currency Futures: Forex Speculators cut US Dollar bets. Aussie, Kiwi & Peso <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">CountingPips (blog)</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 5, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">By CountingPips.com The latest Commitments of Traders (COT) report, released on Friday by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), showed that large futures speculators cut back on their US dollar long positions last week and Euro short ...</div>
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Forex Trading and Commodities ? Gold and Silver Prices Advance while USD was <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.bestsyndication.com/?q=20120202_forex_signals_futures_gold_silver.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Forex Trading and Commodities ? Gold and Silver Prices Advance while USD was <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Best Syndication</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 3, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">(Best Syndication News) Gold prices jumped again today as traders took advantage of the long-term policy signals from the Federal Reserve (see forex and futures charts below).</div>
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British Pound Sterling: Currency in 10-week high vs USD while falls vs EUR <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/british-pound-high-vs-us-dollar-01021330.html" style="font-size:1.2em">British Pound Sterling: Currency in 10-week high vs USD while falls vs EUR <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 1, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">Also boosting the pound sterling is news that UK manufacturing kicked back into life in January. British Pound Sterling (GBP) in US Dollar (USD): GBPUSD is unchanged at 1.5757.</div>
<a href="http://www.economy-news.co.uk/british-pound-sterling/1093-british-pound-gbp-up-against-us-dollar-usd-456456456">British Pound Sterling: Currency faces 'another slug of QE' of 75bn GBP should <b>...</b></a> - <span style="color:#888888">Economy News</span><br>
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Gold Prices Climb as Silver Slips? USD Higher vs EUR but Lower vs JPY ? Brent <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.bestsyndication.com/?q=20120131_forex_trading_usd_eur_jpy_gold_silver_prices.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Gold Prices Climb as Silver Slips? USD Higher vs EUR but Lower vs JPY ? Brent <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Best Syndication</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 1, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">(Best Syndication News) Gold and silver prices moved in opposite directions Tuesday as traders looked for safe-havens (see forex and futures charts below).</div>
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British Pound Sterling: Currency finds GfK consumer confidence data of no use <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/british-pound-to-euro-31011325.html" style="font-size:1.2em">British Pound Sterling: Currency finds GfK consumer confidence data of no use <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 31, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">This morning the pound euro pair continues to be driven by events in the eurozone as domestic UK data fails to make an impact. British Pound Sterling (GBP) in US Dollar (USD): GBPUSD is 0.37% higher at 1.5770.</div>
<a href="http://www.economy-news.co.uk/british-pound-sterling/1078-quantitative-easing-in-february-3444354334-and-the-pound">British Pound Sterling: Currency fins support vs EUR and USD as Miles says QE <b>...</b></a> - <span style="color:#888888">Economy News</span><br>
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British Pound Sterling: Currency to fall further against US Dollar says <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/pound-dollar-exchange-rate-forecast-27011314.html" style="font-size:1.2em">British Pound Sterling: Currency to fall further against US Dollar says <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 27, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">Once the euphoria is over we should also see the euro dollar exchange rate retreating once more. British Pound Sterling (GBP) in Euro (EUR): GBPEUR is 0.13% lower at 1.1958.</div>
<a href="http://www.economy-news.co.uk/british-pound-sterling/1072-british-pound-and-quantitative-easing-forecasts-3435435435">British Pound Sterling: Analysts speculate on Quantitative Easing - 25bn, 50bn <b>...</b></a> - <span style="color:#888888">Economy News</span><br>
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DFC Global Corp. Announces Record Fiscal Second Quarter Results
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<a href="http://www.marketwatch.com/story/dfc-global-corp-announces-record-fiscal-second-quarter-results-2012-01-26" style="font-size:1.2em">DFC Global Corp. Announces Record Fiscal Second Quarter Results</a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">MarketWatch (press release)</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Jan 26, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">BERWYN, Pa., Jan 26, 2012 (BUSINESS WIRE) -- DFC Global Corp. /quotes/zigman/6411860/quotes/nls/dllr DLLR +2.55% , a leading international diversified financial services company serving primarily unbanked and under-banked consumers for over 30 years, ...</div>
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strategies by owning different types of investments, as well as investing in different sectors.
Let's go into a few real life examples. We at StocksAtBottom.com believe we have already made the equivalent of a lifetime of investing mistakes, so learn from a few of ours.
Arrow Electronics
It was Christmas week in the early 1980's. One of us was sitting at Bear Stearns as a limited partner at the time. We were doing very well as stockbrokers. It was the period of full commissions (no discounting), and clients were doing 10,000 share trades in $50 dollar stocks. Taking home an income of $500,000 to $1,000,000 in a year was no big deal at the time.
We were loaded up on Arrow Electronics, a NYSE company in the semi-conductor sector. Business was fantastic, the future was bright, and things could not have been better. Since we were involved on the banking side as well, we had an open line of communication to the company. We knew we had a good thing going.
The telephone rang on one of those beautiful days prior to Christmas when New York City is the place to be, Rockefeller Center all lit up with a 50 foot Christmas tree and all. "Hello." A harried response, "There's been a fire at the Tarrytown Hilton Executive Center, a lot of people are dead." "Okay, that's terrible, how does it affect me and by the way, what's for lunch today?" "Buddy, you don't understand," the dead pan voice says. "What don't I understand?" "The entire executive leadership of Arrow Electronics was in that fire." All of them, every one of them had been killed by this monstrous tragedy.
It was the worst Christmas imaginable for the wonderful families of this dedicated group of execs. The families never recovered, the company never recovered in terms of the people that were left, and the stock took years to recover. It plummeted from $32 per share to $4 per share in a matter of days. The recovery was slow and hard, it was agony all the way back on this particular stock.
Arrow Electronics is an example of putting all your eggs in one basket. It is an example of owning just one stock. SAB does not care how much you know about a company, things can go wrong and do go wrong. You simply cannot own just one company because the risk on the downside is too great. YOU MUST DIVERSIFY IN ORDER TO SPREAD THE RISK. Article Source: http://www.ArticleJoe.com Richard Stoyeck’s background includes being a limited partner at Bear Stearns, Senior VP at Lehman Brothers, Kuhn Loeb, Arthur Andersen, and KPMG. Educated at Pace University, NYU, and Harvard University, today he runs Rockefeller Capital Partners and StocksAtBottom.comstocksatbottom.com
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Gold Prices Dropped while Silver was Unchanged ? USD Up vs JPY but Down vs EUR <b>...</b>
<div style="padding:0px; margin-bottom:1.5em;">
<a href="http://www.bestsyndication.com/?q=20120206_futures_forex_signals_gold_euro_dollar_yen.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Gold Prices Dropped while Silver was Unchanged ? USD Up vs JPY but Down vs EUR <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Best Syndication</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">23 minutes ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">(Best Syndication News) Brent crude oil advanced today as tensions between Iran and the United States continued to fester (see forex and commodities charts below).</div>
</div>
Lack of Greek Deal Sends EUR Tumbling
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<a href="http://www.forexyard.com/en/market-analysis/lack_of_greek_deal_sends_eur_tumbling-2012-02-07" style="font-size:1.2em">Lack of Greek Deal Sends EUR Tumbling</a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Forexyard</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">2 hours ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The euro was largely bearish yesterday, after Greece once again failed to come to an agreement with its creditors to restructure its debt.</div>
<a href="http://www.forexpros.com/news/forex-news/forex---euro-finds-support-on-greece-deal-hopes-230012">Forex - Euro finds support on Greece deal hopes</a> - <span style="color:#888888">Forex Pros</span><br>
<a href="http://www.bestsyndication.com/?q=20120205_forex_signals_usd_jpy_eur.htm">Forex Trading and Currency Exchange Rates ? USD/JPY rises as EUR/USD drops</a> - <span style="color:#888888">Best Syndication</span><br>
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Canadian Dollar (CAD) Technical Major Currencies (2012-02-07)
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<a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/294134/20120207/canadian-dollar-cad-technical-major-currencies-2012-02-07.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian Dollar (CAD) Technical Major Currencies (2012-02-07)</a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">International Business Times</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">4 hours ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The pair has been fluctuating with narrow ranges recently, within the descending short term channel shown on image, while MACD indicator continues to provide a bullish divergence over the four-hour timeframe, and momentum indicators are within oversold ...</div>
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British Pound Sterling: Currency continues advance against EUR, safe haven <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/british-pound-eur-safe-haven-06021355.html" style="font-size:1.2em">British Pound Sterling: Currency continues advance against EUR, safe haven <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">21 hours ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The Pound continued its advance against the Euro this morning, but the UK currency declined for a second day versus the US Dollar, as market speculation escalates over the prospect of further quantitative easing from the Bank of England this week.</div>
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Canadian dollar exchange rate (CAD) falls back vs USD as risk aversion takes <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/canadian-dollar-cad-06021354.html" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian dollar exchange rate (CAD) falls back vs USD as risk aversion takes <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">21 hours ago </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The US dollar to Canadian dollar exchange rate (USD/CAD) is 0.54% higher at 0.9987. The euro Canadian dollar exchange rate (EUR/CAD) is 0.39% lower at 1.3018, the pound Canadian dollar exchange rate (GBP/CAD) is 0.22% higher at 1.5746.</div>
<a href="http://www.forexpros.com/analysis/usd-cad:-canadian-dollar-down-on-greek-concerns,-weaker-oil-prices-113296">USD/CAD: Canadian Dollar Down on Greek Concerns, Weaker Oil Prices</a> - <span style="color:#888888">Forex Pros</span><br>
<a href="http://www.dailyforex.com/forex-articles/2012/02/USDCAD-Daily-Outlook-Feb-7-2012/10802">USD/CAD Daily Outlook Feb. 7, 2012</a> - <span style="color:#888888">DailyForex.com</span><br>
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Canadian dollar exchange rates (CAD) are a big winner following strong Non <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/canadian-dollar-exchange-rate-non-farm-03021348.html" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian dollar exchange rates (CAD) are a big winner following strong Non <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 3, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">Canadian dollar exchange rate: Global markets have been caught by surprise following the release of strong US Non-Farm Payroll data.</div>
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Canadian Dollar (CAD) Technical Major Currencies (2012-02-03)
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<a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/292363/20120203/canadian-dollar-cad-technical-major-currencies-2012-02-03.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian Dollar (CAD) Technical Major Currencies (2012-02-03)</a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">International Business Times</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 3, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The pair has been trading within a narrow range above the 200-days SMA; the pair is having difficulties breaching this support area around the average as see on chart, while price is clearly oversold as seen on Stochastic.</div>
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Canadian dollar exchange rate: CAD finds risk environment unconstructive <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/canadian-dollar-exchange-rate-02021342.html" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian dollar exchange rate: CAD finds risk environment unconstructive <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 2, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The CAD was not a participant in the overnight push up in risk currencies, with USD/CAD remaining well-entrenched in familiar ranges.</div>
<a href="http://www.forexpros.com/news/forex-news/forex---usd-cad-up-on-jobs-data-229907">Forex - USD/CAD up on jobs data</a> - <span style="color:#888888">Forex Pros</span><br>
<a href="http://www.actionforex.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=158866:mixed-reactions-in-the-us-dollar-to-the-non-farm-payroll&catid=191:daily-forex-technicals">Mixed Reactions in the US Dollar to the Non-Farm Payroll</a> - <span style="color:#888888">Action Forex</span><br>
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Canadian Dollar (CAD) Technical Major Currencies (2012-02-02)
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<a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/291619/20120202/canadian-dollar-cad-technical-major-currencies-2012-02-02.htm" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian Dollar (CAD) Technical Major Currencies (2012-02-02)</a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">International Business Times</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 2, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The pivotal support around 0.9965 is still providing the pair with a good support as seen on the provided four-hour chart. The struggle around the middle line of the descending channel that dominated the movements from 1.0285 zones continues fixing RSI ...</div>
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Canadian dollar exchange rate: CAD is cross currency under-performer <b>...</b>
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<a href="http://www.euro-exchangerate.com/canadian-dollar-vs-australian-dollar-01021335.html" style="font-size:1.2em">Canadian dollar exchange rate: CAD is cross currency under-performer <b>...</b></a>
<br> <span style="color:#888888;">Euro Exchange Rate News</span> - <span style="white-space:nowrap">Feb 1, 2012 </span>
<div style="width:80%;">The pound Canadian dollar exchange rate is 0.02% higher at 1.5810, the euro Canadian dollar exchange rate is 0.22% higher at 1.3148, the US dollar to Canadian dollar exchange rate is 0.5% lower with 1 USD = 0.9971 CAD.</div>
<a href="http://www.thestreet.com/story/11394595/1/usd-cad-susceptible-to-weakness.html">USD-CAD: Susceptible to Weakness</a> - <span style="color:#888888">TheStreet.com</span><br>
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The foreign exchange market, where brokerage firms and banks are connected over an electronic network that allows them to convert the currencies of most countries.
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